Get answer

Essentially, batteries play a significant role as energy storage systems in various electric vehicles (EVs) and, more importantly, in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). EVs are obtained as the most promising vehicles that have effectively witnessed rapid advancement in their development in recent years. Several types of energy storage systems are preferred over others, depending on the type of electric vehicle. Energy storage technology’s performance is a crucial factor in the driving range, quantity of charge, and safety of EVs (Chen et al., 2020). Lithium batteries have been considered the most widely used energy storage system, particularly in portable consumer electronics such as laptops and smartphones (AFDC, 2021 p. 1). This is due to their high capability in storing energy per unit mass. More profoundly, Porsche engineers have significantly incorporated the application of lithium-ion batteries as the energy storage for the 919 hybrid vehicles due to their wide range of properties (Porsche Engineering Group, 2014 p. 36-43). The characteristics of such an energy storage system have been discovered to be efficient for vehicles’ developments. This paper explores the properties and characteristics of lithium batteries and their various applications, specifically in the 919 hybrid vehicles.